Life Sciences II             Event Type Start Time End Time Rm # Chair     Masterworks 3:30PM 4:15PM 16-18 David Deerfield (Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center)   Title: Genomes to Life: A Program at the Interface of Computer Science and Biology   Speakers/Presenter: Aristides Patrinos (Director, DOE Office of Biological & Environmental Research)   Masterworks 4:15PM 5:00PM 16-18 David Deerfield (Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center)   Title: Advanced Imaging and Cyberinfrastructure Applied to Multiscale Challenges in Brain Research   Speakers/Presenter: Mark Ellisman (National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, UCSD)

Session: Life Sciences II   Title: Genomes to Life: A Program at the Interface of Computer Science and Biology   Chair: David Deerfield (Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center)   Time: Thursday, November 20, 3:30PM - 4:15PM   Rm #: 16-18   Speaker(s)/Author(s):     Aristides Patrinos (Director, DOE Office of Biological & Environmental Research)       Description:   Biology has been explosively accelerated by the ability to sequence the genomes, the entire set of DNA, of organisms from viruses to humans. Computation has been fundamental to this revolution from the management and assembly of sequenced genome fragments to the intensive analysis of the information within. High performance computation will be making similar contributions to the next round of biological research. High throughput laboratory instruments such as mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, imaging, and microtechnologies will be generating multi-terabyte biological data sets and multi-petabyte data archives. To manage, compare, analyze, mine and discover the patterns of expression stored in biological datasets, and how they vary with environment, condition, treatments, and cell activity will demand the application of massive and rapid computational power, well beyond what biology has needed in the recent past. To bring this about, the U.S. Department of Energy is supporting innovation to enable the focusing of biological approaches to mission needs, e.g. the production of hydrogen and other forms of clean energy from sunlight, the sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and the bioremediation of metal and radionuclide contaminants in groundwater. This will be accomplished through advanced computing, mathematics, algorithms, and data management technologies applied to biological solutions to energy supply and waste cleanup.   Link: --

Session: Life Sciences II   Title: Advanced Imaging and Cyberinfrastructure Applied to Multiscale Challenges in Brain Research   Chair: David Deerfield (Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center)   Time: Thursday, November 20, 4:15PM - 5:00PM   Rm #: 16-18   Speaker(s)/Author(s):     Mark Ellisman (National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, UCSD)       Description:   The activities of the National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research in San Diego in the development of novel techniques for 3-dimensional visualization of neuronal structures and direct identification of their protein constituents in situ will be described. This includes a new technique for correlated 4-dimensional light and 3-dimensional electron microscopy. A continuing challenge to neuroscientists and biomedical researchers in general is the understanding of structures on the scale of 1 cubic nm to 10's of cubic microns, a dimensional range that encompasses macromolecular complexes, organelles, and multi-component structures like synapses and the cellular interactions within tissues. On the smaller end of this range, structures have traditionally been difficult to study because they fall in the resolution gap between technologies, such as X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy on the lower end, and it is challenging to make correlations between 3D data from light and electron microscopy on the upper end. But the continuum of information will have to be mapped if the results of the molecular revolution, the protein products of sequenced genomes, are to be situated in their proper subcellular, cellular and tissue contexts. The technique of electron tomography, the derivation of 3D structure from a series of 2D electron microscopic images, has gone a long way towards bridging the resolution gaps. While electron tomography is a useful technique for providing information in this spatial domain, development of new methods to provide selective contrast to molecular constituents, subcellular complexes, cells and cell processes are required. The use of advanced cyberinfrastructure, multi-scale imaging techniques and new advanced imaging instruments will be described in the context of work to create a Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN). BIRN is a leading example of a virtual distributed database effort that is federating multiscale data about the nervous systems.   Link: --